Discussion on the application of engineering and village materials LED lamps in tunnel lighting Zhang Sujie (Henan Provincial Traffic Planning and Surveying and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Henan Zhengzhou analysis and refinement, determine the application range of LED lights in tunnels, select Luoyang to Sanmenxia section expressway The Zhangmao tunnel in the reconstruction and expansion project was designed for the illumination of LED lights and high-pressure sodium lamps, and the economic analysis was carried out for two design schemes.
Table 1 High-pressure sodium lamp and LED lamp technical indicators comparison table Item name High-pressure sodium lamp 121LED lamp 丨 11 light effect Q2Q0 lamp Leica stool. 650.Q power factor low high color rendering (Ra><40>65 lamp life (h>1600030000 starting current size work feed rate 50Hz DC unit power large start-up time (mm><10 immediately start illumination angle 360 ​​forward type Whether there is a spectrum of narrow or wide gaps with the understanding of the world's energy crisis, and the emphasis on environmental protection issues, China has launched a series of government-led green lighting energy conservation and emission reduction work. The Ministry of Construction released in 2006 In the No. 48 document of the Jiancheng City, the notice on the planning of the green lighting project of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan was issued; in 2007, the State Council issued the Energy Conservation and Energy Conservation to rank the provincial government's performance appraisal.
In light of the international situation and the focus of the work of the domestic government, efforts to strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction in expressway operations have become increasingly prominent. During the operation of expressways, the power consumption of highway lighting accounts for a large proportion, so it is particularly important to carry out energy-saving lighting work. As a new type of lighting energy-saving light source, LED lamp is getting more and more attention. Now compare the performance indicators of LED lights and traditional lighting fixtures, and take Zhangmao Tunnel in the reconstruction and expansion project of Luoyang-Sanmenxia Expressway as an example. Conduct a specific case study.
LED lights, also known as light-emitting diodes, are actually semiconductor lamps. LED lighting fixture is a combined lighting source device, in addition to one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a light source, including other originals, such as optical, mechanical, electrical and electronic components, LED and luminaire form a whole, LED is The non-removable replacement parts in the luminaires are referred to as LED lamps. The traditional lamps and lanterns are mainly incandescent lamps, tungsten halogen lamps, fluorescent lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, etc., among which high-pressure sodium lamps are economical and highly luminous. The advantages of long life and long life have always been the first choice for outdoor lighting. Therefore, this paper selects the traditional high-pressure sodium lamp and LED lamps for technical indicators, as shown in Table 1. The main advantages of LED lamps 21 LED lamps and lighting efficiency through LED lamps and traditional high-pressure sodium lamps technical indicators Contrast, it can be seen that the LED light source is at a lower stage than the high-pressure sodium lamp, but considering that the LED lamp is a forward-type light source, the high-pressure sodium lamp is a 360-degree light source, because the whole luminous flux of the lamp is the luminous flux of the light source multiplied by the efficiency of the lamp, so the LED The lamp has a high luminous flux and a high pressure sodium lamp, and since the LED light source has a small illumination angle, the LED lamp can be ensured.
The LED lamp has better color rendering, softer light, and no stroboscopic light. The objects on the road can restore the original color, providing the driver with a safe and comfortable lighting environment.
Referring to the technical requirements of LED lamps in Guangdong local standard DB44, the life of LED lamps is 30 000h, but some manufacturers have marked the life of LED lamps more than the technical requirements of LED lamps in Guangdong local standard DB44. The power factor of LED lamps is greater than 0.92, but Some manufacturers have marked the power factor of LED lamps more than 0.95, and higher power factor can reduce the loss of line power.
Although LED lamps have many advantages, due to the short time to form products, the technology is not mature, and the manufacturers are mixed, there are still many shortcomings.
At present, the LED light source forming the product is mainly in the 801m high-pressure sodium light effect is 901m1401m / W, so the light efficiency of the LED light source is improved to improve the overall efficiency of the lamp.
Existing LED light sources have poor heat dissipation. The heat dissipation of LED lamps directly affects the life of the light source and the light efficiency of the light source, and at the same time, the LED lamps cannot be developed to high-power and high-power lamps.
Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the LED lamp has the advantages of high luminous efficiency, high power factor, long life, good color rendering, etc., but at the same time, it has the disadvantages of low luminous efficiency and small single lamp power, and these characteristics determine that the LED lamp is impossible. In place of high-pressure sodium lamps in all lighting areas, it is only possible to flexibly choose whether or not to use LED lamps depending on the specific conditions of the lighting site.
Applicability Analysis of 3LED Luminaires in Tunnels Expressway tunnel lighting mainly includes: tunnel induced lights and tunnel lighting.
The main function of the tunnel-inducing lamp is to form a luminous road outline through continuous layout, clearly and brightly display the road contour, and play a good guiding warning effect by flashing light. According to this functional requirement, the tunnel-induced lamp requires low power consumption, high brightness, long life, maintenance-free and short start-up time. It can be seen that the LED lamp meets the above requirements. Considering that LED has been used as a tunnel-inducing lamp, the design of LED lamps as tunnel-inducing lamps will not be analyzed.
The main function of tunnel lighting is to make the driver's visual smooth transition and avoid the driver's visual adaptability lag. 31. Tunnel lighting mainly includes: population segmentation Henan science and engineering project and village material science project name high pressure sodium lamp LED lamp comprehensive consumption Electricity (w>300186 basic lighting power consumption (w>115.271.4 power facilities fee è¾ã„蛟 gt; 24.321.2 lighting cost (yuan) 1 Ming, transition section lighting, middle section lighting, exit section lighting and tunneling Lamp illumination. The population segment, the exit segment and the transition segment are vehicles that drive or exit from the outside of the cave or inside the cave. Considering the wide difference between the inside and outside of the cave, high-power lamps are needed to smooth the illumination inside and outside the transition hole. The difference, considering the small power of the LED lamp, is small, so the LED lighting is not suitable for the above three sections; the basic illumination illumination requirement of the middle section is relatively low, so the LED lighting is suitable for the basic lighting of the tunnel; According to the width of the road, the lighting of the LED lamps should be flexibly set according to the width of the road surface and the uniformity of the road surface.
Application Cases of 4LED Lamps in Tunnel Lighting Project 4.1 Basic Situation of Tunnels This article takes the Zhangmao Tunnel in the reconstruction and expansion project of Luoyang-Sanmenxia Expressway as an example. The basic data of the tunnel: 1935 meters in length, single-hole one-way traffic, import and export The length of the Myeongdong is 12 meters, one-way four lanes, 15 meters wide, and sprinkling pavement. The design speed is 80km/h. The area where the tunnel is located is a mountainous area. The natural vegetation in the hole area is rich, and the construction of the hole is suitable. The greening measures can compensate for the adverse effects of the tunnel building on the brightness of the tunnel environment to a certain extent. Considering that the tunnel population of the project is facing east, the initial design stage is considered to be 3OOOrd/ni according to the ambient brightness of the tunnel at the sunny day.
According to the road tunnel ventilation lighting design specification T026.1-1999, combined with the prospective traffic volume prediction result of the project, the basic lighting brightness of the middle section of the project is 4.5rd/the total average of the road surface is taken as 0.4. The lighting arrangement should meet the flashing frequency below 2.5Hz. Or above 15Hz, the calculated spacing of the lamps is 10 meters. The lamp luminaire power is determined according to the illuminance calculation formula. The specific calculation process is as follows: (lx)-average illuminance (Ein=4.5xl8=81k/i; W=15m-tunnel road width; N=2-lighting arrangement coefficient; ti-coefficient utilization (Checked by the utilization coefficient curve of the luminaire); M- luminaire's curing factor, 0.60.7 if there is no data available; S- illuminator spacing.
=1=10125(lm)-luminaire luminous flux; ti-utilization coefficient; L-light source efficacy; P-light source power.
Therefore, the basic lighting of this project should use 250W high pressure sodium lamp or 150W LED lamp.
According to the calculation, the tunnel lighting adopts 250W high-pressure sodium lamp or 150W LED lamp. The two lamps are now comprehensively analyzed and compared: Table 2 Economic analysis of high-pressure sodium lamp and LED lamp design scheme The tunnel lighting time is 24 hours/day, calculation cycle For 3.4 years, the high-pressure sodium lamp lamps need to be replaced more than once. At the same time, due to the low power consumption of LED lamps, the investment in power supply facilities of LED lamps is relatively low. Generally speaking, LED lamps are not economically advantageous, but considering the large amount of traffic in the tunnel and the difficulty in replacing and maintaining the lamps, the operation and maintenance workload and the impact on the tunnel traffic flow when replacing the lamps are reduced, and the LED lamps have significant Energy-saving effect, and the LED light has no stroboscopic, no ultraviolet radiation and red line radiation 41, no harm to the body, realizing the true meaning of green lighting.
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