"Internet +" brings unprecedented strategic opportunities to China's economic and social transformation and development.
The official statement of this opportunity was approved and it was the 2015 National Conference. In the report of the central government work that year, “Internet +†rose to the national strategy.
In the past year, the "Guiding Opinions on Actively Promoting "Internet +" Actions" issued by the State Council, to specific industries such as e-commerce, logistics, finance, big data, and other ministries and commissions introduced nearly ten guidance for promoting Internet convergence and technological innovation. Documents, and then to the local government's "Internet +" action plan, support the "Internet +" policy system gradually formed a framework.
With the encouragement and support of national and local policies, domestic industries actively embrace the Internet and apply the technology and thinking of the Internet to production, transportation, marketing, and service. New technologies, new models, and new formats are emerging. There is a new transformational vitality.
However, in the following year's follow-up survey, "Financial Weekly" found that due to lack of experience, there are few examples to follow, and with the natural differences of thinking, technology and operating modes, the Internet + "There is a state of uncoordinated and unbalanced development with the integration of traditional formats, and it also brings some new issues to the national governance system and the social operation system.
Lin Nianxiu, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at a meeting in 2015 that to solve the bottlenecks faced by "Internet +", the market should play a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the government in accordance with the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee. The role of the market is better combined with the role of the government.
Innovation and supervision
The contradiction between industry innovation and regulatory lag has always existed, but in the "Internet +" era, this problem is particularly prominent.
In the past year, the new format created by the integration of “Internet +†and traditional formats has brought surprises, but also exposed many new hidden dangers and regulatory blind spots, which brings new challenges and contradictions to the existing regulatory system and legal environment. One of the most intensified areas is "Internet + travel."
Since 2014, “network rental carâ€, or “special carâ€, has begun to enter the public life on a large scale. Due to the red line that touches the traditional taxi supervision system, “non-operating vehicles are not allowed to carry customersâ€, in 2015, special vehicles in Tianjin, Guangzhou and other places triggered conflicts with the traditional taxi industry, and were successively suspended.
In October 2015, the Ministry of Transport issued a draft of the "Guiding Opinions on Deepening Reform to Further Promote the Healthy Development of the Taxi Industry" and the "Interim Measures for the Administration of Online Booking of Taxi Operating Services", which are open to the public for comments. .
After a one-month public consultation, the differences on the terms "non-operating vehicles are not allowed to carry passengers" are still relatively large. As of press time, the Ministry of Transport has not yet issued formal regulations, so that the "Internet + travel" network platform that has accumulated a large number of users, such as Didi, Uber, and Easy, still has the "Sword of Damocles".
Yang Dong, deputy dean of the School of Law of Renmin University of China and director of the Institute of Internet and Information Law, told the reporters of the "Financial and Economic Weekly" that the reasons for the lag in supervision have been for a long time, not unique to the "Internet +" era. At present, the regulatory authorities are in their respective roles, and the regulatory model is inevitably single, and the innovation under the new “Internet +†format is often a mixed and mixed industry. Therefore, the regulation of sectoralization is difficult to play an effective role.
Yang Dong believes that innovation means change. In the face of new things, relevant departments can adopt coordinated supervision and mixed supervision methods to break down information and supervision silos between departments.
This is just a real case of the "Internet +" era. This involves a wide range of comprehensive issues, and I am afraid it will be difficult to accomplish it overnight. Based on the attitude of inclusive supervision adopted for a certain development space of the new format, it may be necessary to give a clear statement at the appropriate time.
Policy support and landing
The chain reaction of lagging supervision is a new format field in which "Internet +" and traditional formats have been born, and some supporting policies have not kept pace.
Taking the e-commerce generated by the combination of the Internet and the traditional wholesale and retail industry as an example, Chen Yu, executive vice president of the China Employment Promotion Association, said that the survey statistics of the Employment Promotion Association and the Ali Research Institute show that people who are directly creating businesses through online stores are currently employed nationwide. More than 10 million, of which over 90% are small and medium-sized and individual network operators.
Wu Jing, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of the Zhejiang Provincial Political Consultative Conference, believes that under the background of the current employment situation facing certain pressure, the employment of the Internet to promote social employment has far-reaching significance for solving social employment, stimulating domestic demand and promoting economic development.
The current problem is that these thousands of employed people are not in the employment statistics system of the government departments, and individual network operators cannot enjoy the social security they deserve in terms of household registration and children's education.
In June 2015, the State Council issued the “Opinions on Supporting Migrant Workers and Others Returning to Hometown for Entrepreneurship†and put forward relevant requirements for online employment statistics. It has also been reported that most of the frontline employees of various types of O2O (online and offline business) on-site services in the society are contracted with third-party labor dispatch companies, and social insurance is also paid through third-party labor dispatch companies.
The survey of the "Financial and Economic Weekly" survey found that the work of individual online merchants into the employment statistics system and social security coverage has not yet been fully implemented. According to the feedback from practitioners of some e-commerce Internet platforms, there are still many front-line personnel and e-commerce Internet platforms that are only a simple cooperative relationship. Individuals must pay social insurance separately.
Another case is the support of small and micro enterprises in the field of “Internet + Innovation and Entrepreneurshipâ€.
Small and micro enterprises have made contributions to solving employment, promoting innovation and economic growth. Especially in the context of the country's economic transformation and development, the main body of the "Internet + double innovation" engine is the large and small micro enterprises. However, the government’s support measures for small and micro enterprises, especially the loan policy, have been difficult to achieve.
For example, in August 2015, the State Council issued the “Opinions on Promoting the Accelerated Development of the Financing Guarantee Industryâ€. The system planned to accelerate the development of the financing guarantee industry and hoped to introduce more financial “living water†to small and micro enterprises.
As a “bridge†and credit “lubricant†for loans between enterprises, individuals and banks, financing guarantee companies play an important role in the social financial system. Many small and medium-sized enterprises get bank loans through financing guarantee companies, and then spend Difficulties, gaining development.
However, Wei Xiangqun, deputy inspector of the Small and Medium Enterprise Bureau of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, believes that because China’s small and micro enterprise financing guarantee business is relatively small, the guarantee institution itself has limited strength, and the risk-taking mechanism is not established, small and micro enterprises want to obtain financing. Guarantee is still not easy.
Network infrastructure lag
"Connect" is the most mentioned word in the speeches of the National People's Congress, Chairman and CEO of Tencent, Ma Huateng. He believes that since the economic and social development, the Internet is no longer a virtual economy, but an inseparable part of the main economic society. Every cell in the economy and society needs to be connected to the Internet. The Internet and all things coexist, which becomes a general trend.
This means that the essence of "Internet +" is the onlineization and dataization of traditional industries. Only "online" can achieve the precipitation, mining and use of data. After online and data-based, big data can be used to guide production management and management.
Therefore, "Internet +" is inseparable from network infrastructure such as cloud computing and broadband. In recent years, China's broadband network has developed rapidly and has a good development foundation. However, there are still problems such as relatively slow network speed and high network fees.
Zhang Zhaoan, deputy director of the National People's Congress and deputy director of the Economic Research Institute of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that "it is important to implement the 'Internet +' plan. The important part is to build the information infrastructure. At present, China's information infrastructure construction is still lagging behind. Especially in the countryside."
Chen Wenling, chief economist of China International Economic Exchange Center, also told the reporter of "Financial and Economic Weekly" that China needs the support of infrastructure to improve the penetration rate of the Internet. However, China's Internet hardware development level is relatively low, and it is still at the middle and lower levels.
In particular, the “digital divide†between urban and rural areas and the central and western regions severely restricts the in-depth popularization and application of the information economy. The survey found that e-commerce cooperation in the western region and the eastern region is mostly at a disadvantage, and the development space is limited to the primary production and raw material sales, which has affected the transformation and upgrading of local industries.
For the gap in network infrastructure, deployment has already taken place at the national level. Premier Li Keqiang urged the network to drop the network fee three times. The action plans of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the three major telecom operators have also announced that they will promote the fiber-to-the-home and broadband rural projects, and strive to achieve full coverage of all the regional cities' fiber-optic networks this year, more than 20M. The proportion of high-speed broadband users exceeds 50%.
Mixed development and cross-border talents
Although the traditional industry and the Internet industry have accumulated many talents in their fields after years of development, in the "Internet +" era, the dual talents who understand the Internet and deepen the traditional industries are still scarce.
Compared with traditional industries, the talent demand of the Internet industry is far greater than supply. According to the China Internet Network Information Center report, the demand for application developers in China's mobile Internet industry in 2014 was more than 2 million, but the actual number of employees was less than 700,000. In the next five years, the talent gap of China's Internet will reach 10 million.
It has been suggested that in the future, the Internet is the real talent in the traditional industry. The reality is that there is a shortage of relevant professionals who are adapting to the development of the “information economy†compared to the low-skilled labor force.
Taking "Internet + Finance" as an example, this emerging field is currently thirsty for compound talents. A person in charge of the P2P platform introduced that in the Internet finance industry, operations and product managers are a typical composite job. The ideal employees are both understanding the Internet and financial, but the current complex talents are pitiful. "We can only reduce the requirements when recruiting, do not require financial understanding, can recruit a person who is operating and promoting in Internet companies, and there are successful cases."
A person in charge of the Internet finance company Ant Financial Group said that in the past few years, Ant Financial Group has also recruited many talents from traditional financial institutions. However, these traditional financial talents have come to Internet finance companies, and there are also problems of lack of thinking and technology. Still have to learn how to use Internet thinking to innovate products and services.
The dilemma of talents is also closely related to the current talent training system in colleges and universities. Li Shu, managing director of Boston Consulting Group, believes that with the emergence of new technologies and new business forms of "Internet +", the talent training system of colleges and universities has become out of touch with the practice of enterprises. The teaching methods and contents have not been followed up in time, so that college graduates cannot meet the needs of enterprises. Employment needs.
Li Shu said that the need to change at the university level is not only the discipline setting, but also to guide universities and enterprises to establish and improve cooperation mechanisms including training bases and orientation training as soon as possible, so as to optimize the docking of talent supply and demand.
Traditional enterprise "+ internet" is difficult
With the era of "Internet +" blowing from the initial consumer market to the industry and public services, the problem of how traditional enterprises and government agencies "+Internet" has become more and more concerned.
Yan Baoping, deputy of the National People's Congress and chief engineer of the Computer Network Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that in the information society, the Internet is one of the most important productive forces. The Internet is deeply influencing and changing traditional industries, and is injecting new blood and energy into them.
However, the "Finance Weekly" reporter survey found that although some excellent traditional enterprises are actively transforming to the Internet, there are still many traditional enterprises that embrace the "Internet +" and the transformation is not significant.
The primary reason for this situation is that the concept of traditional enterprises is still relatively backward, and the understanding is still not in place.
Dr. Shen Wei from the School of Economics and Management of Wuhan University said that some people think that the product is packaged with the concept of the Internet, or the word "Internet" is added to the title, which is "Internet +"; some people think that "Internet +" is considered by large enterprises. In addition to the e-commerce, small and medium-sized enterprises are not related to "Internet +".
Gao Hongbing, vice president of Alibaba and dean of Ali Research Institute, believes that there is a serious concept of solidification in China's traditional industries. It is embodied in the intrinsic informationization and lacks the necessary understanding and application of infrastructure services such as cloud computing and big data. Nor is it well adapted to the shift in consumer-led business landscape.
Another major factor affecting the traditional enterprise “+Internet†is that traditional enterprises are mostly built on the thinking of the industrial age. The management system is strict, the cultural style is rigorous, and the execution is excellent. These qualities are more suitable for maintaining the existing business. It does not exactly match the Internet innovation requirements. Internetization requires new business models and new architectures.
Xu Xiaoping, founder of Zhenge Fund, believes that it is not easy for traditional enterprises to transform to "Internet +". It is not just "outsiders" traditional enterprises. Even the Internet "indigenous people" can hardly compete and survive in this world. And win.
If you can open up your mind and boldly enable Internet talents to become the leading force in corporate transformation and decision-making and equity, and let your traditional business be “added†by these people, you can increase the success rate of transformation.
“A considerable number of traditional entrepreneurs who are eager to transform are not familiar with Internet technology and have little Internet thinking. If the Internet transformation is still carried out within the original system, then everything in the tradition will face challenges. Is there enough awareness and Preparation is the key to determining the success of the transformation." Xu Xiaoping said.
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