The No. 4 Order signed by Jiang Weixin, Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China, “Regulations on Urban Lighting Management†(hereinafter referred to as the “Regulationsâ€) was promulgated on May 27, 2010 and will be implemented from July 1, 2010. This is China's first regulatory document on urban lighting management. It is a major event that has been long-awaited by urban lighting authorities and related staff at all levels and in the urban lighting industry. It is an important milestone in the legalization of urban lighting management in China.
1. Development of legalization construction of urban lighting management
Since the reform and opening up, with the development of China's economic construction and the acceleration of urbanization, urban lighting has achieved rapid development, playing a positive role in improving urban functions, improving the urban environment, and improving people's living standards. Since the early 1990s, the legalization of urban lighting management in China has gradually been put on the agenda. In November 1992, the Ministry of Construction promulgated the “Regulations on the Management of Urban Road Lighting Facilities†in the form of Decree No. 21 as the legal basis for the management of urban road lighting facilities in China. In the mid-1990s, some cities that started the construction of night lighting in the early 1990s. Some documents and regulations such as "Neon Light Construction Management Regulations" and "Lighting Construction Management Measures" have been promulgated. After the end of the 1990s, with the development of urban lighting management practices, municipalities, provincial capitals and large and medium-sized cities began to pay more attention to cities. In the legal construction of lighting management, the regulations and regulations for urban lighting management were issued in different forms to regulate urban lighting management.
In the 21st century, the State Council and the Ministry of Construction have successively issued a series of documents, which have further set clear requirements for the legalization of urban lighting management. The "Decision of the State Council on Strengthening Energy Conservation Work" (Guo Fa [2006] No. 28) emphasizes the importance of energy conservation and emission reduction work. Green lighting is listed as one of China's top ten key energy conservation projects, requiring relevant laws and regulations to be improved. The standard system; the Ministry of Construction's "Opinions on Strengthening Urban Lighting Management to Promote Energy Conservation Work" (Ministry of Construction, National Development and Reform Commission [2004] No. 204) clearly requires "establishing and perfecting urban lighting regulations and standards system" and planning urban lighting according to law. , construction and management; "The Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Urban Green Lighting Projects" (Jianchang City [2006] No. 48) is the first to focus on "strengthening the legal system and rationalizing the management system" As the first item of the six safeguard measures, the "sound regulation and standard system and perfect management mechanism". These documents and regulations have played a positive role in the construction of urban lighting at that time. However, due to the limitations of the conditions at the time, there are still some problems: First, from the perspective of legal effectiveness, the original documents are mostly normative documents, not Regulations or regulations have lower legal effects; 2. With the development of China's legalization construction, a few original regulations have not met the requirements of existing laws and regulations, especially the State Administrative Licensing Law and the Administrative Punishment Law. After the promulgation of the upper-level law, some contents of the original regulations are inconsistent with it; third, the original documents are not comprehensive, and only contain unilateral content of functional lighting or landscape lighting, which does not meet the requirements of current urban lighting management; With the continuous development of new technologies, new materials, new processes and new products in urban lighting, the state has paid more and more attention to the requirements of energy saving, emission reduction and green lighting. However, this paper rarely reflects or reflects this, and does not meet the needs of modern management. The rapid development of information society science and technology is very necessary to revise and improve. In response, some cities have introduced and implemented new regulations, regulations or systems for urban lighting management. For example, the Jiangsu Provincial Construction Department issued relevant implementation documents, and Nanjing, Wuxi, Xuzhou, Suzhou and Other cities have cleaned, revised or re-established and revised the original urban lighting management regulations and normative documents, and promoted the urban lighting management legal system. The process of construction.
In May 2010, the “Regulations on Urban Lighting Management†(hereinafter referred to as the “Regulationsâ€) came into being. The issuance and implementation of the "Regulations" indicates that the development of urban lighting in China will enter a scientific and legalized track. The planning, construction, maintenance and supervision of urban lighting will have laws to follow and develop healthily.
2. The Necessity of Legalization Construction of Urban Lighting Management
2.1 The concept of urban lighting management
Urban lighting refers to functional lighting or landscape lighting of urban roads, tunnels, plazas, residential areas, parks, public green spaces, historical sites, and other buildings (structures) in urban planning areas.
From the definition of urban lighting, the scope of urban lighting management will no longer be limited to the management of road lighting or road lighting facilities, but the management of urban lighting work in all aspects, including ensuring people's travel and outdoor. Functional lighting for the purpose of event safety, including landscape lighting for decorative and landscaping purposes.
Urban lighting management refers to the use of legal, standardized and scientific means to organize, inspect, supervise, coordinate and control the whole process of urban lighting (including functional lighting and landscape lighting) overall planning, construction, maintenance and supervision. The activities of comprehensive management are an important part of the city's important infrastructure construction and urban management work, an important part of building socialist material civilization and spiritual civilization, and an inevitable requirement of socialist political and economic development.
2.2 The significance of urban lighting management
Urban lighting has many functional benefits. Strengthening urban lighting management can not only enhance the image of modern cities, promote energy conservation and environmental protection, improve the living environment, but also improve the investment environment, promote the development of related industries, improve people's quality of life, and even in the city's transportation, public security, etc. The aspects bring relevant benefits, so they have far-reaching social impact and important political and economic significance.
2.2.1 Accelerate the construction of urban facilities and improve the level of urban civilization
Strengthening urban lighting management can reshape the night image of modern cities, accelerate urban infrastructure construction, improve urban appearance, and improve the city's cultural taste and civilization.
2.2.2 Promote energy conservation and optimize the living environment of citizens
Urban lighting management is directly related to saving energy, protecting the environment, and affecting the lives of the people. Strengthening urban lighting management and promoting green lighting is of great significance for saving energy, protecting ecology, improving urban lighting quality, and improving urban living environment.
2.2.3 Strengthen urban lighting management and drive the development of related industries
Strengthening urban lighting management can improve the city's investment environment, enhance the city's image, activate and prosper the city's economic and cultural activities, inject vitality into the city's economic development, and drive related industries, culture, and economics such as business, tourism, culture, catering, advertising, and lighting. The development of the city will accelerate the pace of urbanization and development.
Urban lighting management is the function of the government. It is the people-oriented and the need to safeguard the public interest. It is the guarantee to give full play to the benefits of urban lighting functions. Its positive role is obvious.
2.3 The Necessity of Legalization Construction of Urban Lighting Management
2.3.1 is the requirement to implement national policies
A series of related documents issued by the State and the Ministry of Construction pointed out the importance and necessity of the legalization of urban lighting management and put forward clear requirements. Strengthening the legal construction of urban lighting management and introducing urban lighting management regulations or regulations are necessary for implementing the requirements of national policy documents and strengthening urban lighting management.
2.3.2 is the need to perform job duties
For a long time, for the urban lighting authorities in China, there are some urgent problems to be solved in the legal construction of urban lighting management.
First, urban lighting regulations or regulations are not perfect. Due to the early introduction of the “Regulations on the Management of Urban Road Lighting Facilities†by the Ministry of Construction, it does not include the content of landscape lighting management. Urban lighting planning, construction and management activities in many cities have no basis for regulations and regulations, and it is difficult for urban lighting authorities and regulatory agencies to carry out their work.
Second, the urban lighting management system is not uniform. From the point of view of the competent authorities, the lighting work of cities in different cities belongs to the heads of different departments such as municipal administration, planning, construction, city appearance, and electric power; from the perspective of institutional preparation, there are administrative preparations and business establishments; For the full financial allocation, differential appropriation and self-supporting institutions; from the perspective of management mechanism, some are macro-management, two-level government is implemented hierarchically, and some are directly managed and implemented uniformly. Different management agencies have different supervisory departments, and it is difficult to coordinate in the work.
Third, the responsibility for urban lighting management is not clear enough. In some cities, urban lighting management has the phenomenon that institutions have no corresponding functions and no functions are performed. Some city lighting authorities do not have the basis for corresponding regulations and regulations to perform their functions. Some departments with law enforcement management functions basically do not carry out urban lighting management work because there is no corresponding professional management organization and management technicians. Form management "vacuum" and "fault".
In addition, the market supervision system is not sound enough. For urban lighting systems involving all aspects of planning, construction and management, there is no sound, complete, unified and systematic supervision system. From the current operation mode of urban lighting (especially landscape lighting), planning It is not uncommon for design, construction and management to be disconnected from each other.
The issuance and implementation of the Regulations will provide a strong regulatory basis for solving the above problems.
2.3.3 is the guarantee for standardizing the development of the industry
For a long time, urban lighting construction has unfair competition factors in terms of system, price and quality. Low efficiency, high energy consumption, light pollution and other issues such as shoddy, cut corners, low-price marketing, and shoddy are common occurrences. The quality of urban lighting projects has caused great waste and even left serious safety hazards, which has restricted the healthy development of the urban lighting industry.
The issuance and implementation of the Regulations provides an important guarantee for regulating the healthy development of the urban lighting industry. It not only guarantees the legitimate rights and interests of legally operating enterprises and the quality of urban lighting projects, but also can curb unfair competition from the source.
3. Key points of "Regulations on Urban Lighting Management"
Urban lighting management regulations and regulations are the basis for administrative and legal management of urban lighting management activities, and are the guarantee for implementing urban green lighting projects. Since urban lighting is a comprehensive and systematic project, urban lighting management is a broad concept. Therefore, urban lighting management regulations and regulations should also cover all aspects of urban lighting management activities.
The Urban Lighting Management Regulations include general rules, planning and construction, energy conservation, management and maintenance, legal responsibilities and by-laws.
3.1 About the general rules
The general rules clarify the purpose, significance, scope, principles and management responsibilities of the relevant provisions of the Regulations. Important among these are the principles and management responsibilities of urban lighting management.
3.1.1 Principles of Urban Lighting Management
Article 3 of the Regulations clarifies the principle of urban lighting work: urban lighting work should follow the principles of people-oriented, economical, energy-saving and environmental protection, and beautifying the environment. People-oriented is the core of the scientific development concept of urban lighting work. Management work is to meet the lighting needs of the people; economic application is one of the basic requirements for the coordinated development of the scientific development concept; urban lighting work should be coordinated with the economic and social development of each place; Urban lighting construction activities with inconsistent local economic development levels and blind investment; energy conservation and environmental protection are the requirements of sustainable development, and are also the principles that must be adhered to in today's global energy and environmental crisis; the beautification environment on the one hand reflects the new urban lighting work. At the new height of the target, urban lighting is no longer limited to satisfying the use of functions, but also to meet the higher physiological and psychological needs of people, and to build a suitable, harmonious and friendly lighting environment.
3.1.2 Urban Lighting Management System and Responsibilities
Improving the urban lighting management system is a new topic and new category of urban lighting management. At the same time, because this management is a marginal subject, localities are still exploring in the development of urban lighting. Therefore, the operating mechanism of its management institutions is different. .
First, the name of the city lighting management agency. The names of urban lighting management agencies across the country are different. The institutions that use functional lighting as the main management content are mostly named after the “light management officeâ€. After the promulgation of the Ministry of Construction and the National Development and Reform Commission [2004] No. 204 document, according to the spirit of the document, some institutions were renamed “City Lighting Management Office†or “Public Lighting Management Officeâ€, etc. The name of the landscape lighting management organization was rather confusing. Lighting Construction Management Office, Lighting Office, Lighting Environmental Management Center, Neon Management Office, Night Lighting Management Office, Night Lighting Management Office, Landscape Lighting Management Office, etc.
The second is the urban lighting management system model. At present, there are two main modes of urban lighting management system in China. One is that urban lighting authorities uniformly manage urban lighting (including functional lighting and landscape lighting), and the other is related functional departments (such as planning, municipal, construction, city, garden, public security, industry and commerce, electricity, etc.) ) Manage functional lighting and landscape lighting separately. From the perspective of clear responsibility and efficiency, the first management model is more advanced and mature, and the operation of the organization is more reasonable and more effective. The second management model lacks full-time management and technical personnel. There are many political issues. In the specific work process, opinions are difficult to unify, coordination is difficult, and there are many problems in long-term daily management.
The third is the responsibility of urban lighting management. The urban lighting management agency shall be included in the government department series, giving it statutory job responsibilities, so that the government's recurring work can be guaranteed by institutions, funds, and regulations. The management organization for the establishment of the business shall be the full amount of the financial allocation unit, and shall be entrusted by the government or the regulations and authorized to the management organization to perform the corresponding duties. However, since the management institutions that are self-supporting institutions have no basis for the regulations and policies necessary for management activities, and without the support of financial funds, management activities are difficult to carry out and their duties are difficult to perform, so the government’s work is also difficult. Following. The "Regulations" clarify the responsibility for the management of urban lighting by the competent departments at the national, provincial and municipal levels: the competent department of housing and urban and rural construction under the State Council guides the urban lighting work throughout the country. The competent departments of housing and urban and rural construction of the people's governments of the provinces and autonomous regions shall supervise and manage the urban lighting within their respective administrative regions. The city lighting department determined by the city people's government is responsible for the specific work of urban lighting management within its administrative area.
3.2 About planning and construction
3.2.1 About urban lighting special planning
The urban lighting special plan determines the goals and themes of urban lighting development, stipulates the basic principles of urban lighting construction and management, is the basis and premise of urban lighting construction, and is an important part of urban overall planning.
The "Regulations" have made relevant provisions on the preparation of urban lighting special plans, urban lighting project construction, urban lighting construction funds, and urban light facilities and roads. The special planning for urban lighting shall be organized by the competent department of urban lighting in conjunction with relevant departments, organized according to the overall planning of the city, and reported to the people's government at the same level for organization and implementation. The preparation of urban lighting planning shall be entrusted to the units with corresponding qualifications. The preparation of urban lighting special plans shall, in accordance with the level of urban economic and social development, combined with the urban natural geographical environment and humanities conditions, and the urban functional divisions determined according to the overall urban planning, and put forward requirements for lighting effects in different areas.
The "Regulations" clearly stipulates the qualifications or qualification requirements for work units and individuals involved in urban lighting: units engaged in urban lighting engineering survey, design, construction, and supervision shall have corresponding qualifications; relevant professional and technical personnel shall obtain corresponding practices according to law. qualifications.
3.2.2 About urban lighting construction
The "Regulations" put forward clear requirements for the green energy conservation, construction funds and supporting projects of urban lighting construction: new or rebuilt urban lighting facilities should be determined according to the urban lighting special plan to determine the brightness and energy consumption standards of various regional lighting. In line with national standards and standards. This is the specific implementation measures for the energy-saving requirements of urban lighting project construction in the planning and design stage; the government construction of urban lighting facilities should be included in the urban construction fund plan. The state encourages social funds to be used for the construction and maintenance of urban lighting facilities; the functional lighting installation rate for new and rebuilt urban road projects should reach 100%. Urban lighting facilities that are compatible with urban roads, residential areas and important buildings (structures) shall be designed and constructed in accordance with urban lighting, synchronized with the main project, construction, acceptance and use, and so on. These requirements are completely consistent with the requirements of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Urban Green Lighting Project Planning†and the “Opinions on Strengthening Urban Lighting Management to Promote Energy Conservation Workâ€.
3.3 About saving energy
The urban green lighting project is a system that involves every aspect of the whole process of the system and every aspect must adhere to the concept of green lighting, energy saving and environmental protection.
3.3.1 Defining the direction of urban lighting work
The "Regulations" pointed out that the state supports urban lighting science and technology research, promotes the use of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly lighting new technologies and new products, carries out green lighting activities, and improves the scientific and technological level of urban lighting; the state encourages installation in urban lighting facilities construction and renovation. And the use of solar energy, wind energy and other renewable energy utilization systems; and requirements: urban lighting authorities should establish an urban lighting energy assessment system, regular inspection of urban landscape lighting energy consumption and other conditions.
The stipulated requirements reflect the orientation of urban lighting work, and propose to assess and check the energy consumption of urban landscape lighting by establishing a system, encourage urban lighting to develop in a low-carbon direction, and improve the scientific and technological level of urban lighting.
The "Regulations" put forward specific requirements for energy conservation of urban lighting in the planning and design stage: prioritize the development and construction of functional lighting, strictly control the scope, brightness and energy density of landscape lighting, and eliminate all low-efficiency lighting in time according to relevant national regulations. Products; establish an urban energy consumption assessment system, and regularly check the energy consumption of urban landscape lighting. The urban lighting maintenance unit shall establish and improve the district, time-sharing and grading lighting energy-saving control measures, strictly prohibit the use of high-energy-consumption lamps, actively adopt efficient light sources and lighting fixtures, energy-saving ballasts and control appliances, and advanced lamp control. Ways, priority is given to certified energy efficient products and so on. To implement these requirements, several relationships must be handled correctly.
The first is the relationship between functional lighting and landscape lighting. The Ministry of Construction's "Notice on Further Strengthening Urban Lighting Power Saving Work" (Jiancheng Han [2005] No. 234) puts forward the requirement to "guarantee functional lighting based on road lighting to ensure the normal operation of functional lighting such as urban roads and plazas. To ensure the safety of people's travel at night, scientifically and reasonably arrange the lighting switch time. Propose and control the key points, quantity and distribution of landscape lighting, achieve reasonable layout, primary and secondary considerations, focus, distinctive features, strictly control the scope of landscape lighting and The brightness and energy density indicators of landscape lighting. “Promoting the integration of lighting industry, coordinating road lighting and landscape lighting, integrating and conserving resources, opposing wasteful energy, causing light pollution, construction and deployment of unrealistic and unscientific lighting projects, Adhering to the principle of “functionality as the main landscape†is the key to correctly handling the relationship between functional lighting and landscape lighting.
Of course, in important holidays and major political and economic activities, the government and the society have objective needs for landscape lighting, and sometimes even become the protagonist of lighting. The application of the 08 Olympic Games, the 60th National Day Ceremony and the Shanghai World Expo landscape lighting is sufficient. Explain this. At the same time, proper landscape lighting has a positive and significant effect on meeting the needs of citizens' cultural life, attracting investment from enterprises, developing tourism economy, and building a harmonious society. Therefore, it is not possible to deprive the landscape of the “supplementary†status of landscape lighting, but to actively regulate the construction of landscape lighting on the basis of function-based, energy-saving and environmental protection.
The second is the relationship between energy-saving lighting products and scientific lighting technology. Energy efficient lighting appliances are the foundation of urban green lighting projects. Advanced scientific lighting technology is the means to implement urban green lighting projects. To achieve energy-saving lighting, not only must there be high-quality light source electrical products, but also advanced scientific lighting technology, both of which are indispensable.
There is no energy-efficient lighting electrical products, urban green lighting project is an empty talk. Inferior lighting electrical products, in the process of use can not achieve the expected light efficiency, life and other related technical indicators, neither energy-saving nor cost-saving; if damaged improperly, it will become electronic waste, and may cause mercury (mercury The pollution of harmful substances to the environment not only fails to achieve green lighting, but also brings serious hidden dangers, and the effect is counterproductive. Advanced scientific lighting technology should be based on urban lighting special planning and related technical standards, according to different lighting environment requirements, specific design of lighting project, propose effective measures to eliminate glare, control pollution, and adopt new technology New materials, new processes, and new products are put into practice. At the same time, from the perspective of urban green lighting engineering system, we should actively explore various effective ways to implement urban lighting power saving, provide successful experience in urban lighting design, engineering implementation and maintenance management, and implement advanced scientific technical means throughout urban green lighting. The entire process of the engineering system.
The third is the relationship between green and energy conservation. The urban green lighting project is a system that includes all the requirements for energy saving and environmental protection. In other words, “green†includes “energy saving†and “energy saving†reflects “greenâ€. Green lighting must be energy-efficient lighting, but energy-efficient lighting is not necessarily environmentally friendly, and therefore not necessarily green. For example, the lighting project uses high-efficiency, high-quality, energy-saving light source electrical products, but it is not combined with advanced scientific lighting technology, is not used in a suitable place, or the installation position is not reasonable, which may cause waste or may cause Light interference and pollution, which is obviously not green lighting. On the contrary, if it simply prevents the pollution of light, it is considered that the green lighting project is realized, and the energy saving and efficiency are neglected, and the requirements of the green lighting project are not met.
The fourth is the relationship between energy conservation and capital saving. While promoting urban lighting energy conservation, comprehensive evaluation of the effect of lighting energy conservation should be carried out, including the evaluation of the comprehensive cost of urban lighting energy conservation. At present, the outstanding problem in lighting energy saving is that energy saving is not cost-saving, and electricity is not saved. Some so-called energy-saving lighting products are not high in quality, the price is not low, the life is not long, the effect is not good, the comprehensive cost of operation exceeds the operating cost of traditional lighting products, resulting in new waste.
Saving energy involves saving money. From the point of view of commodity value, the preciousness of energy is reflected in the form of the price of money and capital. In the urban green lighting project, saving money is not only the specific performance of energy saving, but also fully meets the requirements of energy saving. Therefore, the waste of funds is also a waste of energy. Energy-saving and energy-saving lighting products are not real energy-saving products.
3.3.3 About energy-saving control measures and methods
"Outline of the "Eleventh Five-Year" Urban Green Lighting Project": "The application rate of high-efficiency energy-saving lamps with luminous efficiency above 80% is over 85%"; "The application rate of high-efficiency and long-life light sources is over 85%". For high-energy-consuming lamps, the Notice on Further Strengthening Urban Lighting Power Saving Work clearly stipulates that “multi-light decorative garden lights shall not be used in large areas of urban main roads.†At the same time, restrictions on landscape lighting over-energy consumption are required.
In this regard, the "Regulations" put forward specific requirements for the energy saving of urban lighting facilities in the operation and management stage: urban lighting maintenance units should establish and improve the district, time-sharing, and grading lighting energy-saving control measures, prohibit the use of high-energy-consumption lamps, and actively adopt Efficient light source and lighting fixtures, energy-saving ballasts and control appliances, and advanced light control methods, priority to the selection of certified energy-efficient products; and emphasize that no unit can have excessive lighting and other energy consumption in urban landscape lighting Standard behavior.
3.3.4 Market-oriented operation of energy conservation
The "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Urban Green Lighting Projects" proposes: Market-oriented, establish a new mechanism to promote and implement energy-saving measures, promote the industrialization process of urban lighting energy conservation, and improve energy efficiency. Determine professional service organizations according to the specifications, and continuously improve the capabilities of professional service organizations. Through contract energy management, etc., hire professional service agencies to participate in urban lighting energy-saving renovation, provide comprehensive services such as energy efficiency audit, energy-saving project design, procurement, construction, training, operation, maintenance, monitoring, etc., and share energy-saving benefits with customers. To achieve rolling development and win-win development. According to this, the "Regulations" clarify that urban lighting can adopt the contract energy management method and select professional energy management companies to manage urban lighting facilities. This is a specific measure for implementing energy-saving work in a market-oriented operation during the operation and management of the facility.
In the work of implementing energy conservation requirements by means of contract energy management (ie EMC), we should adhere to an objective and pragmatic scientific attitude, establish a rigorous and standardized operational mechanism, and formulate practical and feasible evaluation standards, not for “face project†and “performance projectâ€. We need to carry out unreasonable and unscientific EMC construction, and we must not falsify, deceive ourselves, and implement EMC construction that is not worthy of the name. Otherwise, it will not only be counterproductive, but also endless.
3.4 About management and maintenance
3.4.1 Departmental Responsibilities and Standards
The Ministry of Construction's "Opinions on Further Strengthening Urban Lighting Management to Promote Energy Conservation Work" pointed out that one of the main problems in urban lighting in China is: "Import engineering construction and despise maintenance management."
The "Regulations" clearly stipulates the management department's job responsibilities, management and maintenance work indicators and quality requirements, as well as the determination of maintenance and repair units: the city lighting authorities should establish and improve various rules and regulations, strengthen the supervision of urban lighting facilities, and ensure urban lighting facilities. The integrity and normal operation of the city; the management and maintenance of urban lighting facilities shall comply with the relevant standards and regulations; the municipal lighting authority may determine the urban lighting maintenance unit by means of bidding and tendering, and be specifically responsible for the maintenance of the urban lighting facilities invested by the government.
3.4.2 Urban lighting facilities handover and daily management
The "Regulations" clarify that the urban lighting facilities invested by non-government enterprises shall be maintained by the construction unit; for meeting the special planning and relevant standards of urban lighting, providing necessary maintenance and operation conditions, providing complete completion acceptance data and other provisions in accordance with the regulations of the people's government of the city Conditions, after handling the procedures for asset transfer, may be transferred to the municipal lighting authority for management.
The "Regulations" have made provisions for urban lighting maintenance units to ensure lighting quality and implement energy-saving work in management: urban lighting maintenance units should regularly clean lighting fixtures to improve lighting effects, and can take accurate equal-time lighting And other energy saving measures. "Notice on Further Strengthening Urban Lighting Power Saving Work": "Each city should implement centralized management of urban lighting, centralized monitoring and time-sharing control mode, and strive to reduce power consumption. When using electricity, ensure urban roads, plazas, etc. The normal operation of lighting ensures the safety of the people at night and scientifically and rationally arranges the lighting switch time." From functional lighting, it should be according to the latitude and longitude of the city and the illumination level at sunset and sunrise in each season, the city road grade, In different situations such as traffic flow, intelligent control technology is used to open and close the lighting facilities. At the same time, according to the principle of energy saving and environmental protection, the illuminance level is appropriately adjusted according to the traffic flow conditions at different time periods (such as around 24 o'clock). From the perspective of landscape lighting, the opening and closing time of the lighting facilities should be determined according to the principle of time division and time division. The principle of sub-regional is to determine the opening and closing time according to the important areas (city central square, prosperous commercial area, pedestrian street, main trunk road, important scenic spot, etc.), general area (other main roads, general scenic spots, etc.) and other areas; The principle of time-sharing is to determine the opening and closing time according to the usual, general holidays, important holidays and major political and economic activities.
In the routine maintenance management work, for the coordination of urban lighting facilities and greening, the "Regulations" clarify that trees that do not meet the safety distance standard due to natural growth shall be notified by the competent department of urban lighting to timely pruning; the trees are severe due to force majeure If the urban lighting facilities are compromised, the urban lighting maintenance unit may take emergency measures to pruning and report to the urban landscaping department in time.
3.4.3 About the operation and maintenance of urban lighting facilities
"Opinions on Further Strengthening Urban Lighting Management to Promote Energy Conservation Work" requires: "Public urban road lighting and landscape lighting should be included in the public finance system, and the city government should provide necessary funding guarantees"; "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" The Urban Green Lighting Project Planning Outline requires: “Multi-channel financing measures, actively integrate various resources, continuously increase investment, and further promote urban green lighting projects. Incorporate public welfare urban lighting requirements into public finance. The system; the special fund for urban lighting is dedicated to the full amount of funds, to provide financial support for the promotion of urban green lighting projects."
The "Regulations" stipulates the operation and maintenance funds for urban lighting facilities: the operation and maintenance costs of urban lighting facilities arranged by the government budget shall be earmarked for special purposes to ensure the normal operation of urban lighting facilities.
3.4.4 Prohibited phenomena and behaviors
In order to protect urban lighting facilities and give full play to the functions of urban lighting facilities, the "Regulations" explicitly prohibit all kinds of behaviors that endanger the normal operation of urban lighting facilities, including scribing and smearing on urban lighting facilities; within the safe distance of urban lighting facilities. Arbitrarily plant trees, dig pits to take soil or set up other objects, or dump corrosive substances containing acid, alkali, salt or corrosive waste or waste liquid; arbitrarily post, hang, set up publicity materials and advertisements on urban lighting facilities; Unauthorized installation of cables, installation of other facilities or access to power sources in urban lighting facilities; unauthorized removal, removal, use of urban lighting facilities and other activities that may affect the normal operation of urban lighting facilities. At the same time, it is required that units and individuals that damage urban lighting facilities should immediately protect the accident site, prevent accidents from expanding, and notify the city lighting authorities.
3.5 About legal responsibility
One of the significant differences between a regulation or regulation and a general normative document is the difference in legal validity. As a national departmental regulation, the "Regulations on Urban Lighting Management" not only imposes requirements and regulations on various aspects of urban lighting work, but also imposes mandatory measures on units and individuals that violate requirements and regulations in accordance with the "Regulations" and gives corresponding economics. Punishment. This is the legal responsibility of the person who violates the regulations.
The "Regulations" shall be punished in accordance with relevant laws, regulations and rules for those who do not have the corresponding qualifications and those who do not have the corresponding professional qualifications to engage in urban lighting engineering survey, design, construction and supervision; If there is excessive energy consumption in the lighting, such as excessive lighting, the city lighting authority shall order it to make corrections within a time limit; if it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall impose a fine of not less than 1,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan; for various phenomena and behaviors that damage lighting facilities, The municipal lighting department shall order a correction within a time limit, and impose a fine of 200 yuan to 1,000 yuan for the individual; a fine of 1,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan for the unit; if the loss is caused, the loss shall be compensated according to law.
In addition to the violation of the "Regulations" units and individuals to bear the corresponding legal responsibilities, the staff of the city lighting authorities must also be administrative according to law. The "Provisions" proposes that if the staff of the department in charge of urban lighting neglect their duties, abuse their powers, or engage in malpractices for personal gains, they shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; if they constitute a crime, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law. This is the regulation of the legal responsibility of the staff of the urban lighting management department.
4. Fully attach importance to and fully implement the "Regulations on Urban Lighting Management"
The release of the "Regulations on Urban Lighting Management" is a major event in the urban lighting industry; the implementation of the "Regulations" must rely on the full attention of local governments and urban lighting authorities, as well as the support of the lighting industry colleagues and the general public. Cooperate. Government, urban lighting authorities and related functional departments, involving all aspects of urban lighting management, should cooperate closely and coordinate linkages; urban lighting industry enterprises, lighting facilities users, all sectors of society and even the general public should also be concerned and actively involved. To fully implement the "Regulations on Urban Lighting Management" and promote the development of the legalization of urban lighting management.
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