Do you know the main difference between humoral immunity and cellular immunity? -Huaqiang Electronic Network

Humoral immunity and cellular immunity: In humoral immunity, the effector product of an immune response is an antibody. Because activated B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells, plasma cells secrete antibodies, antibodies are mainly found in serum and other body fluids, so it is called humoral immunity or B cell-mediated humoral immune response; the effect product of cellular immunity is effector T cells, It is called cellular immunity or T cell-mediated cellular immune response.

There are three types of immunity in living organisms:

1. When exotoxin invades the human body, it is humoral immunity.

2. When intracellular parasites invade the human body, they are cellular immunity.

Third, when the virus invades the human body, it is first humoral immunity, followed by cellular immunity.

The induction phase refers to the presentation of antigen:

Humoral immunity means that the antigen is presented to the B cells by phagocytic cells and T cells, or the antigen is directly presented to the B cells. Cellular immunity means that the antigen invades the host cell to form a target cell, which is then presented to the T cell by phagocytic cells, or directly presented to the T cell.

The reaction phase refers to the differentiation of lymphocytes:

Humoral immunity refers to the differentiation of B cells into effector B cells and memory cells under the stimulation of antigen. Cellular immunity refers to the differentiation of T cells into effector T cells and memory cells under antigenic stimulation.

The effect phase refers to the process by which the immune system destroys the antigen:

In humoral immunity, the effector B cells secrete antibodies, and the antibodies and antigens specifically bind, and the formed conjugates are eliminated by phagocytic cells. Cellular immunity refers to the binding of effector T cells to target cells, resulting in lysis of target cells, exposure of antigens, elimination by antibodies, antigens (viruses, etc.) 1 phagocytic cells seize him, detect his weaknesses and tell T cells 2T cells to produce lymph The factor tells the B cell that the 3B cell becomes a plasma cell (Effect B), which produces an antibody to attack him, and also produces a memory cell to remember it. The next time he comes, he can directly attack him (humoral immunity) 4 if he has entered the cell interior disorder The antibody cannot enter the inside of the cell, so the T cell becomes the effector T to contact the unlucky cells attacked by him, causing the diseased cells to lyse and die (cellular immunity).

Humoral immunity: refers to the formation of effector B cells and memory cells by B cells under the aid of T cells. The immunological reaction of the specific antibody produced by the effector B cells after specific binding to the corresponding antigen. Cellular immunity: refers to the formation of effector T cells and memory cells by T cells after antigen stimulation. An immune response in which an effector T cell specifically binds to a target cell, causing the target cell to rupture and die:

1. Humoral immunity and cellular immunity each have their own unique functions, and they also cooperate to exert an immune effect. In the process of viral infection, it is often first to prevent the virus from spreading in the body through humoral immunity. If the virus has been infected into the host cell, it must be immunized by the cell. This is the binding of the effector T cells to the target cells, causing the permeability of the target cells to change, and the osmotic pressure to change, eventually leading to the rupture of the target cells.

2. Exotoxin: humoral immunity

3. Intracellular parasites: Humoral immunity plays a role first, preventing the spread of parasites; when parasites enter the cells, cellular immunity releases the antigen; and then humoral immunity is finally clear.

4. If cellular immunity does not exist, most of the humoral immunity will be lost. (This is very important. I have encountered this test site when I have done many questions.)

5. Two key processes of humoral immunity: (1) The production of efficient and short-lived effector B cells, which are secreted by effector B cells to clear the antigen. (2) Producing long-lived memory cells, circulating in the blood and lymph, and "monitoring" at any time. If the same antigen re-invades, an immune reaction occurs immediately to eliminate it (secondary reaction).