Technical solutions and functional modules of high-power LED lamp driving power supply
The use of high-power light-emitting diodes for general lighting is a new topic of this century. Its comprehensive advantages of energy saving, safety and long life will trigger the next round of revolution in the lighting industry. However, high-power light-emitting diodes are low-voltage unidirectional conductive devices with a forward voltage drop of 3-4 volts during normal operation. To be used for general lighting, the problem of power conversion must be solved.
There are four cases of using the original power supply to power the light-emitting diodes: low-voltage driving light-emitting diodes, transition voltage driving light-emitting diodes, high voltage driving light-emitting diodes, and commercial power driving light-emitting diodes. Different situations have different solutions in the technical realization of power converters. Below we briefly introduce the power supply driving methods and their application products in these cases.
1. Low voltage driving light emitting diode
Low voltage driving refers to driving the light-emitting diode with a voltage lower than the forward voltage drop of the light-emitting diode, such as an ordinary dry battery or a nickel-chromium / nickel-metal hydride battery, whose power supply voltage is 0.8-1.65V between.
Driving the light-emitting diode at a low voltage requires raising the voltage to a voltage value sufficient to turn on the light-emitting diode. This is a common use case for low-power lighting devices such as light-emitting diodes, such as light-emitting diode flashlights, light-emitting diode emergency lights, and energy-saving desk lamps.
The low-voltage driving light-emitting diode mainly solves the problem of boosting. Due to the limitation of battery capacity, the general power is not large, but it requires the lowest cost and relatively high conversion efficiency. , Also requires a minimum volume. The best technical solution is the pump boost converter.
LED-1W1P is a pulse output LED driver module with pump boosting scheme. It has the most concise circuit structure, the lowest production cost, the smallest volume, the highest conversion efficiency, plus a 10K potentiometer can be convenient 0-100% continuous pulse width dimming. The normal working voltage is 0.8-1.8V, the starting voltage is 0.6V, and the complete extinguishing voltage is less than 0.35V. The maximum output power is 1 watt. It can be used to drive a 350mA 1W high power LED or 18 20mA low power LEDs in parallel. This module is not a precision control device, the output power will be reduced when the battery voltage is reduced.
The module has 5 lead-out pins, power positive pole, power negative pole, output pin, and two dimming control pins, the positive electrode of the light emitting diode is connected to the output pin, the negative pole is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and a 10K potentiometer is connected between the control poles Light. If dimming is not required, just connect the two control pins directly. The module has a circular structure. The volume is: Φ14.5 × 13mm.
This type of module must not be powered on without load, otherwise it may be damaged.
LED-3W6D is a pump-type boost DC output LED driver module. The input voltage is 6V, the maximum output voltage is 12V, the output power is 4 watts, and the output current is 350mA. It can drive 1 to 3 1-watt high-power light-emitting diodes. body. The module has 5 pins, positive power, negative power, positive output, negative output, and control pin. The module volume is 30 × 18 × 16mm.
The module has a strong function, the output has current limiting and voltage limiting functions, and the input has a low voltage cut-off function to protect the battery from over-discharge. The control terminal can accept external light control and remote control signals to realize controlled switching on and off.
Second, the transient voltage drives the light-emitting diode
Transient voltage driving means that the power supply voltage value for the light-emitting diode varies around the voltage drop of the light-emitting diode. This voltage may sometimes be slightly higher than the voltage drop of the light-emitting diode, and sometimes may be slightly lower than the light-emitting diode. Tube pressure drop. For example, one lithium battery or two lead-acid batteries connected in series, the voltage is more than 4 volts when fully charged, and the voltage is less than 3 volts when the electricity is almost used up. Typical applications are light-emitting diode miner's lights, light-emitting diode emergency lights.
The power conversion circuit of the transient voltage driving light-emitting diode must solve the problem of boosting and voltage reduction. In order to work with a lithium battery, it also needs to have the smallest possible size and the lowest cost. Under normal circumstances, the power is not large, and the most cost-effective circuit structure is a reverse-polarity pump converter.
LED-1W3P is a pulse output pump-type reverse pole type conversion module. The circuit structure is simple, the production cost is low, the volume is small, the output efficiency is lower than the above boost converter, and the addition of a 10 K potentiometer can facilitate 0-100% continuous pulse width dimming. Normal working voltage 2.5-4.6V, maximum output power 1 watt. The starting voltage is 0.7 volts, and the complete extinguishing voltage is less than 0.35 volts. It can be used to drive a 350mA 1W high power LED or 18 20mA low power LEDs in parallel. The power supply voltage decreases and the output power decreases.
The module has 5 lead-out pins, positive power supply, negative power supply, output, two dimming control pins, the positive electrode of the light emitting diode is connected to the output pin, the negative electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and a 10 K potentiometer is connected between the control pins for dimming. If dimming is not required, just connect the two control pins directly. The module has a circular structure. The volume is: Φ14.5 × 13mm.
If an electrolytic capacitor is added, the positive electrode of the capacitor is connected to the output terminal, the negative electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode is connected to the output terminal, and the negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply. The maximum output power will be increased to 3 watts, which can drive a 3-watt high-power luminous tube or three 1-watt high-power luminous tubes in parallel, but cannot be dimmed.
This type of module should not be powered on without load, otherwise it may be damaged.
3. High voltage driving light-emitting diode
High-voltage driving means that the power supply voltage value for the light-emitting diode is always higher than the voltage drop of the light-emitting diode. Such as 6V, 12V, 24V batteries. Typical applications are solar lawn lights, solar garden lights, motor vehicle lighting systems, etc.
High-voltage driving light-emitting diodes should solve the problem of voltage reduction. Since high-voltage driving is generally powered by ordinary batteries, it does not necessarily require a small size. Larger power may be used and the cost should be as low as possible. The best circuit structure of the converter is a series switch buck circuit.
LED-3W12 is a series switch step-down DC regulated output LED driver module. It works with a 12-volt battery. The circuit is simple, the production cost is low, the conversion efficiency is high, the normal operating voltage is 10-15V, and the maximum output power is 3 watts. , Can be used to drive a 750mA 3 watt high-power light-emitting tube or three 1 watt high-power light-emitting tubes in parallel.
The module has 3 leads, the positive pole of the power supply, the negative pole of the power supply, the output, the positive pole of the light emitting diode is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the negative pole is connected to the output end. The volume is: 26 × 18 × 16mm.
Fourth, the city power drive light-emitting diode
This is the most influential power supply method for LED lighting applications, and it is a problem that must be solved for the popularization of semiconductor lighting applications.
To drive the light-emitting diodes with commercial power, to solve the problem of voltage reduction and rectification, it also needs to have higher conversion efficiency, smaller volume and lower cost. It should also solve the problem of safety isolation, considering the impact on the power grid. To solve the problems of electromagnetic interference and power factor. For small and medium-power light-emitting diode lamps, the best circuit structure is an isolated single-ended flyback converter. For high-power applications, bridge-type conversion circuits should be used. The following introduces three kinds of low-power LED lamp driver modules for commercial power.
1. LED-H2W4V series power conversion module
The module is specially designed to solve the problem of the mains drive of LED lights. The module uses a single-ended flyback converter circuit and a wide range input. It can be used on AC mains grids around the world. When the input voltage is 220 volts, the maximum output power is 2 watts. When the input voltage is reduced, the maximum output power is also reduced proportionally. When the input voltage is 110 volts, the maximum output power is only 1 watt. The input and output are fully isolated, and there is no danger of electric shock when touching the output. The module is sealed and filled, and can be used in harsh environments with high humidity, high dust, and strong vibration. There is electromagnetic radiation suppression circuit inside the module, and the high frequency interference is small. There is a short-circuit protection function inside, and the output short-circuit module will not be damaged.
In order to make the circuit structure simple, small in size, and low in cost, the module does not use an isolated feedback type regulator control circuit with high accuracy, but uses an indirect detection regulator control circuit. Therefore, the output voltage will drop when the load is heavier, but A large change in input voltage has no effect on the output voltage.
Technical index:
l AC input voltage AC 90-253V
l No-load output voltage DC no-load 4.8V; no-load 3.3V
l Output power 2W (220V); 1W (110V)
l Short circuit current <1A
l Conversion efficiency 70%
l Power factor 90%
l Operating temperature -20-50
l Operating humidity> 95%
l Dimensions E27 lamp cap package
l Usage: The module has 2 output pins connected to the load. Can drive a 1 watt luminous tube or drive 18 low-power luminous tubes.
2. LED-H4W series power conversion module
The module uses a single-ended flyback converter circuit, wide-range input, can be used on AC mains power grids around the world. When the input voltage is 220 volts, the maximum output power is 4 watts. When the input voltage is reduced, the maximum output power is also reduced proportionally. When the input voltage is 110 volts, the maximum output power is only 2 watts. The input and output are fully isolated, and there is no danger of electric shock when touching the output. The module is sealed and filled, and can be used in harsh environments with high humidity, high dust, and strong vibration. There is electromagnetic radiation suppression circuit inside the module, and the high frequency interference is small. There is a short-circuit protection function inside, and the output short-circuit module will not be damaged.
In order to make the circuit structure simple, small in size, and low in cost, the module does not use an isolated feedback type regulator control circuit with high accuracy, but uses an indirect detection regulator control circuit. Therefore, the output voltage will drop when the load is heavier, but A large change in input voltage has no effect on the output voltage.
Technical index:
n AC input voltage AC 90-253V
n No-load output voltage DC no-load 4.8V; no-load 3.3V
n Output power 4W (220V); 2W (110V)
n Short circuit current <1A
n Conversion efficiency 70%
n Power factor 90%
n Use ambient temperature –20-50
n Operating environment humidity> 95%
n Dimensions 19.5 × 22.5 × 32mm
n How to use: The module has 4 pins, two input pins, connected to AC mains, and the output pin connected to the load. It can drive a 3-watt luminous tube or a maximum of three 1W luminous tubes in parallel. When using, a 0.47-3 ohm resistor current limit should be connected in series with each luminous tube according to the situation. Up to 50 light-emitting diodes can be driven in parallel.
This module can also be made into a high-voltage output type according to user requirements to drive multiple light-emitting tubes in series.
3. LED-H12W12V series power conversion module
The module uses a single-ended flyback converter circuit, wide-range input, can be used on AC mains power grids around the world. When the input voltage is 220 volts, the maximum output power is 12 watts. When the input voltage is reduced, the maximum output power is also reduced proportionally. When the input voltage is 110 volts, the maximum output power is only 6 watts. The input and output are fully isolated, and there is no danger of electric shock when touching the output. The module is sealed and filled, and can be used in harsh environments with high humidity, high dust, and strong vibration. There is electromagnetic radiation suppression circuit inside the module, and the high frequency interference is small. There is a short-circuit protection function inside, and the output short-circuit module will not be damaged.
Modular precision voltage stabilization device, the change of input voltage and change of output load can maintain stable output voltage.
Technical index:
n AC input voltage AC 90ï¼ï¼253V
n No-load output voltage DC 12V
n Output power 12W (220V); 6W (110V)
n Short circuit current <2A
n Conversion efficiency 75%
n Power factor 90%
n Use ambient temperature –20ï¼ï¼50
n Operating environment humidity> 95%
n Dimensions 50x38x25mm
n Usage: The module has 4 pins, two input pins, connected to AC mains, and the output pin is connected to the load.
This module can also be made into a high-voltage output type according to user requirements to drive multiple light-emitting tubes in series.
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